Bearings have a wide range of critical applications in agricultural machinery, as detailed below:

Applications in tractors

Engine part: The crankshaft bearing is one of the key components of the engine. It needs to work stably in the harsh environment of high temperature, high pressure and high-speed rotation, and bears huge radial and axial forces. For example, high-strength cylindrical roller bearings or tapered roller bearings are used to ensure the smooth operation of the crankshaft and reduce friction loss and energy loss. Camshaft bearings are also crucial. It ensures that the camshaft precisely controls the opening and closing time of the valves, and its precision and reliability directly affect the performance of the engine. Generally, high-precision sliding bearings or rolling bearings are used to adapt to the complex movement trajectories of the camshaft and changing loads.

Transmission system: The gearbox is a key component for a tractor to achieve different speeds and torque outputs, in which the gear shaft bearings play a key role. These bearings need to withstand large torque and impact loads, while also ensuring the accurate meshing of the gears. For example, the use of tapered roller bearings or spherical roller bearings with large load-bearing capacity ensures the stable operation and long life of the gearbox. Transmission shaft bearings connect the different parts of the tractor and transmit power. They need to have good torsion resistance and high-speed rotation ability. Usually, cross shaft universal joint bearings or special drive shaft bearings are used to adapt to the complex movements of the tractor under different terrain and working conditions.

Walking system: Wheel bearings support the weight of the tractor and withstand various shocks and vibrations during driving. These bearings need to have high wear resistance and sealing to prevent dust, dirt and moisture from entering. For example, deep groove ball bearings or tapered roller bearings with dust caps and seals are used to ensure smooth rotation and long-term reliable operation of the wheels. Specialized bearings are also required for the track drive wheels and support wheels of track tractors. These bearings need to work under heavy loads and harsh ground conditions and have special structures and materials to guarantee the reliability and durability of the track system.

Applications in harvesters

Cutting part: The cutter is a key working component of the harvester, and the high-speed rotation of its blades requires reliable bearing support. For example, using high-speed precision bearings ensures the stability and accuracy of cutting blades during high-speed operation, ensuring harvesting quality and efficiency. The bearings in the transmission mechanism transmit power from the engine to the cutter, requiring a certain amount of torque and impact load. Use roller bearings with good impact resistance or specially designed transmission bearings to ensure the normal operation of the cutter.

Conveying part: The drive and support part of the conveyor chain or conveyor belt requires a large number of bearings. These bearings need to work in a continuous operation and with a certain friction environment, with good wear resistance and low noise characteristics. For example, roller bearings or sliding bearings with special lubrication structure are used to ensure the smooth operation of the conveyor system. The steering and tensioning devices in the conveyor system are also inseparable from the role of bearings. These bearings need to have good flexibility and adjustment performance to adapt to different conveying conditions and material characteristics.

The threshing and separation part: The rotation of the threshing drum and separating screen requires high-performance bearing support. These bearings need to work under high load and high-speed rotation conditions, while also withstanding the impact and friction of grain. For example, cylindrical roller bearings with large load-bearing capacity or spherical roller bearings are used to ensure the efficient progress of the threshing and separation process. Reliable bearings are also required for the connection between the gears and shafts in the transmission system. These bearings need to ensure accurate meshing and power transmission of the gears, with high precision and stability.

Application in Seeders and Fertilizers

Seed and fertilizer discharge parts: The seed and fertilizer discharge device of the seeder and fertilizer needs to precisely control the speed and amount of seed and fertilizer discharge, and the key components are various small bearings. For example, the use of miniature rolling bearings or special structure sliding bearings ensures the accurate action of the seed and fertilizer discharge device to achieve uniform sowing and fertilization. The bearings in the transmission mechanism transmit power from the drive part to the seed and fertilizer discharge device, which needs to have good synchronization and stability. Precision synchronous pulley bearings or chain drive bearings are used to ensure the accuracy and reliability of sowing and fertilization.

Ditching and covering parts: The working parts of the trench opener and earth covering device need to work in the soil, and their rotation and movement need reliable bearing support. These bearings need to have good corrosion resistance and wear resistance to adapt to the requirements of the soil environment. For example, bearings with special coating or sealing structure are used to prevent moisture and impurities in the soil from entering the inside of the bearing and affecting its normal operation. Bearings in the adjustment mechanism are used to adjust the depth of trenching and the thickness of the soil covering, and need to have good adjustment performance and accuracy. Bearings with threads or adjustment devices are used to facilitate the operator's precise adjustment and control.

Bearing selection and maintenance points

Selection principle: According to the working characteristics and requirements of agricultural machinery, choose the appropriate bearing type. For example, for heavy loads and large impact loads, roller bearings should be selected; for high-speed rotating parts, ball bearings or high-precision roller bearings should be selected. Considering the working environment of agricultural machinery, such as moisture, dust, corrosive, etc., choose bearings with corresponding protective properties. For example, use bearings with a sealed structure to prevent moisture, dust and impurities from entering the bearing interior; choose corrosion-resistant bearing materials to adapt to the special working environment. Choose the appropriate bearing size and shape according to the installation space and structural requirements of agricultural machinery. For example, for areas with limited space, miniaturized or ultra-thin bearings should be selected; for areas that require greater axial force, bearings with greater axial bearing capacity should be selected.

Maintenance measures: Regularly check the operating status of bearings, including temperature, noise, vibration, etc. By monitoring these parameters, abnormal conditions of bearings can be detected in time, such as overheating, abnormal noise or excessive vibration, etc., and take corresponding measures for repair or replacement. Keep bearings clean and lubricated. Regularly clean bearings to remove dirt and impurities on the surface, and add an appropriate amount of lubricating oil or grease. During the working process of agricultural machinery, bearings are prone to contamination due to the harsh environment. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the protection and sealing of bearings to prevent contaminants from entering the interior of bearings. For damaged bearings, they should be replaced in a timely manner. When replacing bearings, they should be carried out in strict accordance with the operating procedures to ensure the installation quality and accuracy. At the same time, relevant parts should be inspected and maintained to ensure the normal operation of the entire agricultural machinery.