Bearings play a crucial and indispensable role in the defense industry, and the following is the relevant introduction:

Applications in the field of aviation

Aircraft engine: Aircraft engines are the core components of aircraft, and the role of bearings in them is crucial. Engine spindle bearings need to work stably in extreme environments of high temperature, high pressure and high speed. For example, bearings are made of high-performance superalloy materials, which can withstand gas temperatures of thousands of degrees Celsius as well as huge centrifugal and axial forces. The precision of these bearings is extremely high, usually reaching the micron level or even higher, to ensure the efficient operation and reliability of the engine. High-precision bearings are also inseparable from the turbocharger of the engine. The turbocharger increases the intake pressure by rotating at high speed, improving the power and efficiency of the engine. The bearings in it need to withstand extremely high speeds and temperatures, while also guaranteeing a very small coefficient of friction and good dynamic balance performance. For example, special ceramic bearings or air bearing technology are used to meet the demanding working requirements of turbochargers.

Aircraft Landing Gear: The bearings in the aircraft landing gear system need to withstand the huge impact force and weight of the aircraft during takeoff and landing. For example, the main strut bearings of the landing gear of large aircraft are made of high-strength alloy steel, which has extremely high load-bearing capacity and impact resistance. These bearings also need to have good sealing properties to prevent dust, moisture and other impurities from entering and affecting their normal operation. The retractable mechanism of the landing gear also needs to use various types of bearings, such as spherical bearings and plain bearings. These bearings need to ensure the smooth retractable and locking of the landing gear in a complex motion mechanism, and can adapt to different flight postures and environmental conditions.

Aircraft Control System: The control system of an aircraft includes components such as rudder, elevator and ailerons. The motion control of these components cannot be separated from high-precision bearings. For example, small but extremely high-precision ball bearings or needle bearings are used to ensure the sensitivity and accuracy of the control system. These bearings need to maintain stable performance under high-speed airflow and frequent steering movements, and to have good fatigue and corrosion resistance. Special miniature bearings are also required for sensors and actuators in the flight control system. These bearings need to meet the requirements of high precision, high reliability and low friction to ensure the precise control and safe operation of the flight control system.

Applications in the aerospace sector

Rocket engine: The turbo pump of a rocket engine is one of the key components. The bearings in it need to work in extreme environments of high speed, high temperature and high pressure. For example, special liquid lubricated bearings or magnetic suspension bearing technology are used to withstand high-speed rotation of tens of thousands of revolutions as well as the propellant fluid impact of high temperature and high pressure. The design and manufacture of these bearings requires an extremely high level of technology and strict quality control to ensure the reliable operation of the rocket engine. High-precision bearings are also required for the navigation and control system of the rocket. For example, bearings in sensors such as gyroscopes and accelerometers need to have extremely high precision and stability to guarantee precise navigation and attitude control of the rocket. These bearings are usually made of special materials and manufacturing processes to meet the special requirements of the space environment.

Satellites and spacecraft: Attitude control and orbit adjustment systems for satellites and spacecraft require the use of high-precision bearings. For example, the use of miniature ball bearings or harmonic reducer bearings can achieve precise adjustment and stable control of tiny angles. These bearings need to work reliably for a long time in vacuum, high and low temperature alternating and strong radiation environments, and have extremely low friction coefficients and good radiation resistance. Special bearings are also required for the solar panel deployment mechanism and antenna pointing mechanism of satellites. These bearings need to achieve reliable deployment and positioning functions in the space environment, and have the characteristics of lightweight, high reliability and low power consumption. For example, new technologies such as special composite bearings or shape memory alloy bearings are used.

Applications in the field of military equipment

Tanks and armored vehicles: Track walking systems for tanks and armored vehicles require the use of a large number of bearings. For example, track roller bearings, drive wheel bearings and induction wheel bearings, etc. These bearings need to withstand the huge weight of the vehicle and the impact and vibration when driving in complex terrain. High-strength alloy steel bearings or special rubber-metal composite bearings are used, which have good load-bearing capacity and wear resistance to ensure the mobility and reliability of the vehicle. High-precision bearings are also required for the turret rotation mechanism and weapon pitching mechanism of tanks. These bearings need to achieve the rotation and positioning of the turret and weapon quickly and accurately in a combat environment, and have good sealing performance and impact resistance. For example, large ball bearings or tapered roller bearings with special sealing structure are used.

Ships and vessels: The propeller shaft bearings in a ship's propulsion system need to work in a seawater environment and withstand tremendous torque and axial forces. For example, water-lubricated bearings or oil-lubricated bearings made of special corrosion-resistant materials have good sealing performance and seawater corrosion resistance. The design and installation of these bearings need to take into account the structural characteristics and navigation conditions of the ship to ensure the efficient operation of the propulsion system. Various types of bearings are also required for the weapon system and radar equipment of the ship. For example, the rotating mechanism of the ship-based missile launcher and the rotating mechanism of the radar antenna need to use high-precision bearings to ensure the fast launch of the weapon and the accurate scanning of the radar. These bearings need to have good anti-vibration and impact resistance and adapt to the complex environment of the ship at sea.

Military communications and electronic equipment: The antenna rotation mechanism and gimbal bearings in military communication equipment need to realize the precise pointing and stable tracking of the antenna. For example, the use of high-precision miniature bearings and electric drive devices can achieve fast and accurate angle adjustment in complex electromagnetic environments. These bearings need to have good anti-interference performance and low noise characteristics to ensure the quality of communication. Small bearings are also required for cooling fans and hard disk drives in electronic equipment. These bearings need to maintain low noise and vibration while rotating at high speed, and to have the characteristics of long life and high reliability. For example, the use of special lubrication technology and materials to improve the performance and life of bearings.

Bearing selection and maintenance points

Selection principle: According to the special working environment and requirements of national defense industrial equipment, choose bearings with suitable performance. For example, for high temperature environment, choose bearing materials with high temperature resistance; for equipment with high speed and high precision requirements, choose ball bearings or air bearings with high precision; for parts that bear huge impact loads, choose roller bearings with high load-bearing capacity. Consider the reliability and safety requirements of national defense industrial equipment, choose bearings with high reliability and long life. For example, use bearing products that have undergone strict quality testing and certification to ensure their stable operation in key equipment. According to the special structure and installation requirements of national defense industrial equipment, choose bearings of suitable size and shape. For example, for parts with limited space, choose compact miniature bearings or special-shaped non-standard bearings.

Maintenance measures: Establish a strict bearing maintenance management system, and regularly inspect and maintain bearings in national defense industrial equipment. For example, formulate detailed maintenance plans and operating procedures, and clarify the duties and work processes of maintenance personnel. Adopt advanced detection technology and equipment to conduct real-time monitoring and fault diagnosis of the running status of bearings. For example, use vibration sensors, temperature sensors and oil analysis technology, etc., to detect abnormal conditions of bearings in a timely manner, and take corresponding measures for repair or replacement. Strengthen the lubrication management of bearings, select appropriate lubricants and lubrication methods, and ensure that bearings work in good lubrication condition. For example, according to different working environments and requirements, select the appropriate lubricating oil or grease, and replace and replenish it regularly. Provide professional training for maintenance personnel to improve their technical level and maintenance ability. For example, organize regular training courses and technical exchange activities to enable maintenance personnel to understand the latest bearing technology and maintenance methods, and master correct maintenance skills and operating norms.